The Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (WMCC) is an institutional framework established through an India-China agreement in January 2012 to facilitate communication and management of border-related issues. The mechanism was created to address the need for improved institutionalized information exchange regarding border matters and to maintain peace and tranquility in the border areas. The idea for the mechanism was first suggested by then-Premier of China, Wen Jiabao, in 2010.
The WMCC is led by a Joint Secretary level official from the Ministry of External Affairs of India and a Director General level official from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, and is composed of diplomatic and military officials from both sides. Its primary function is to address issues and situations that may arise in the border areas that affect the maintenance of peace and tranquility. The mechanism also studies ways to strengthen exchanges and cooperation between military personnel and establishments in the border areas. Consultations are scheduled to be held once or twice every year, alternately in India and China, with provisions for emergency consultations.
Crucially, the WMCC is designed to deal with border affairs but explicitly does not discuss the resolution of the Boundary Question or affect the separate Special Representatives Mechanism (SR talks). The mechanism connects to other border management agreements, such as the 1993 Border Peace and Tranquility Agreement and the 2013 Border Defence Cooperation Agreement. The mechanism has been actively used, including after the face-off on the Line of Actual Control (LAC) began in 2020. The most recent meeting, the 36th round, was held in August 2026, where both sides agreed to continue using existing diplomatic and military channels to resolve outstanding issues along the LAC.