Technology has changed the way human beings interact among themselves, nature: Kiran Kumar
The former Chairman of ISRO says people know the role of science and technology in reducing physical efforts for mundane activities
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Context
Former Chairman A.S. Kiran Kumar, speaking at the Karnatak University convocation, highlighted the dual impact of technology: its utility in reducing physical effort and its profound influence on human interactions and our relationship with nature. He also underscored humanity's advancing capabilities in space exploration, specifically mentioning preparations for building habitats on other planetary bodies.
UPSC Perspectives
Science & Technology
The transition from earth-bound observations to building habitats on planetary bodies represents a paradigm shift in space exploration. Organizations like and are increasingly focusing on sustainable lunar and Martian exploration, moving beyond mere scientific discovery to potential human habitation (e.g., ). This necessitates advancements in life support systems, resource utilization (in-situ resource utilization or ISRU), and radiation shielding. For UPSC, candidates should understand the long-term strategic goals of , such as the and the proposed , and how these fit into the broader global context of space exploration and potential colonization.
Ethics
The profound impact of technology on human interactions and nature raises critical ethical questions, making this a relevant topic for GS Paper 4 (Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude). The alienation of humans from nature and from each other due to over-reliance on digital interfaces is a key concern. Furthermore, the ambition to build habitats on other planets brings forth the concept of 'astroethics' or environmental ethics applied to space. Should we preserve pristine extraterrestrial environments, or are they merely resources for human exploitation? Candidates must analyze how technology, while a tool for progress, can also lead to moral hazards if not guided by a strong ethical framework emphasizing sustainable development and human well-being.
Environmental
The observation that technology has changed how humans interact with nature points to the core concept of the Anthropocene epoch, a proposed geological epoch dating from the commencement of significant human impact on Earth's geology and ecosystems. While technology has enabled resource extraction and urbanization on unprecedented scales, leading to climate change and biodiversity loss, it is also crucial for monitoring and mitigating these impacts (e.g., remote sensing by satellites for forest cover mapping). For UPSC, understanding this dual nature of technology—as both a driver of environmental degradation and a tool for conservation—is essential, particularly in the context of achieving sustainable development goals.